] Eudes de Sully (french: Odon de Sully, Odo de Sully; la, Odo de Soliaco) (died 1208) was

Bishop of Paris The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Parisiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Paris'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France ...

, from 1197 to 1208. He is considered to be the first to have put emphasis on the Elevation liturgy during the Catholic Mass. He worked to address many social matters including regulating celebrations in his cathedral. He also tried to ban chess. He founded the abbey that became

Port-Royal Port Royal is the former capital city of Jamaica. Port Royal or Port Royale may also refer to: Institutions * Port-Royal-des-Champs, an abbey near Paris, France, which spawned influential schools and writers of the 17th century ** Port-Royal A ...

Family

Eudes de Sully was son of

Eudes Archambaud Eudes Archambaud was a French nobleman. Eudes was the son of William of Blois and Agnes of Sully. The two brothers of Eudes, Ralph and Henry both entered the church, leaving Eudes as sole secular son and successor to their parents' holdings. ...

of Sully and Matilda of Baugency. His brother

Henry Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...

was

archbishop of Bourges In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdioc ...

Life

On the political stage, Eudes came into conflict with

Philip II of France Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus (french: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French ...

, over Philip's intended repudiation of his wife. As a churchman, Eudes continued the building work on

Notre Dame de Paris Notre-Dame de Paris (; meaning "Our Lady of Paris"), referred to simply as Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité (an island in the Seine River), in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. The cathedral, dedicated to the ...

. Eudes is considered the first to have emphasized the

elevation of the host In Eastern Christianity, Eastern and Western Christianity, Western Christian liturgy, Christian liturgical practice, the elevation is a ritual ''raising'' of the consecrated Body of Christ, Sacred Body and Blood of Christ during the celebration of ...

during the

Catholic Mass The Mass is the central liturgical service of the Eucharist in the Catholic Church, in which bread and wine are consecrated and become the body and blood of Christ. As defined by the Church at the Council of Trent, in the Mass, "the same Christ ...

. In 1175, Eudes forbade communion for children. Eudes attempted to regulate celebrations in his cathedral, Christmas and the

Feast of Fools Feast of Fools The Feast of Fools or Festival of Fools (Latin: ''festum fatuorum, festum stultorum'') was a feast day on January 1 celebrated by the clergy in Europe during the Middle Ages, initially in Southern France, but later more widely. Du ...

. He also tried to ban

chess Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. It is sometimes called international chess or Western chess to disti ...

. Eudes is also known for his promotion of

polyphony Polyphony ( ) is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, h ...

in church, and the music of

Pérotin Pérotin () was a composer associated with the Notre Dame school of polyphony in Paris and the broader musical style of high medieval music. He is credited with developing the polyphonic practices of his predecessor Léonin, with the introdu ...

. Eudes was a founder of the abbey that became

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Burial

Upon his death in 1208, de Sully was buried in an above-ground stone sarcophagus which was placed in the choir of Notre-Dame. The location of the tomb was unusually prominent, directly in the middle of the first double bay of the choir, or about eight meters behind the current high altar. The sarcophagus was covered with a copper slab which stood on four legs and featured a relief sculpture of the bishop and two angels by Étienne de Boisses. The tomb remained at this location for 491 years before it was removed during the renovations of

Robert de Cotte Robert de Cotte (1656 – 15 July 1735) was a French architect-administrator, under whose design control of the royal buildings of France from 1699, the earliest notes presaging the Rococo style were introduced. First a pupil of Jules Hard ...

. This first tomb was drawn by

Roger de Gaignières Roger is a given name, usually masculine, and a surname. The given name is derived from the Old French personal names ' and '. These names are of Germanic origin, derived from the elements ', ''χrōþi'' ("fame", "renown", "honour") and ', ' ( ...

before it disappeared. De Sully, along with several others buried in Notre-Dame's choir, were reinterred on 6 June 1699 in a common grave in the

apse In architecture, an apse (plural apses; from Latin 'arch, vault' from Ancient Greek 'arch'; sometimes written apsis, plural apsides) is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome, also known as an ''exedra''. In ...

. This grave measured about 1.65 meters by 0.66 meters and was placed in the floor.

Sources

Eudes' synodal decrees appear in volume 22 of

Giovanni Domenico Mansi Gian (Giovanni) Domenico Mansi (16 February 1692 – 27 September 1769) was an Italian prelate, theologian, scholar and historian, known for his massive works on the Church councils. Biography He was born at Lucca, of a patrician family, and di ...

's ''Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio '', 53 vols., Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlangsanstalt, 1961. More recently Odette Pontal produced a critical edition of these statutes in ''Les statuts synodaux Français du XIII^e siècle. Tome 1: Les Statuts de Paris et le synodal de l'ouest.'' Paris: Bibliothèque Nationale, 1971. * Cheney, C. R., ''English Synodalia'', London, Oxford University Press, 1968, discussing the impact of these statutes in England.

Notes

External links

Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes

Family tree
{{DEFAULTSORT:Eudes De Sully House of Sully Bishops of Paris 13th-century French Roman Catholic bishops 1208 deaths